Lee J-S, Huang T-Q, Kim T-H, Kim JY, et al. (2006):

The authors’ aim in this study was to determine whether RFR exposure induces a non-thermal stress response. They exposed human T-lymphocyte Jurkat cells and rat primary astrocytes to RFR at 1736 MHz at an average SAR of either 2 or 20 W/kg for 30 minutes or 1 hour. Temperature was strictly controlled at 37 ± 0.2 ºC throughout the exposure.

There was no detectable difference in the expression of HSPs 90. 70, and 27, compared to sham exposure. Likewise no difference was seen in the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are also involved in the stress pathways in cells. Cells were also exposed to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), which induces a stress response. Addition of RFR exposure to the TPA-treated cells did not enhance the activity of MAPKs.