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The author exposed female mice to RFR with the characteristics of GSM cell phones (900 MHz fields modulated at a pulse repetition frequency of 217 Hz and a pulse width of 0.6 ms.). The mice received a single, far-field, whole body exposure at SAR 4 W/kg for 60 minutes. Ten irradiated animals were compared with 10 sham-exposed and 10 freely-moving controls. The author examined the effect on the expression of an immediate early gene (IEG), c-fos, in the brains of the mice. IEGs are transiently induced in response to external stimuli. He found that the activation of c-fos was comparable in the irradiated and sham-exposed animals, but was greatly increased compared with freely moving controls. This suggested that the majority of the acute genomic response was due to immobilization rather than immobilization.
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